Resource Distribution and its Consequences

Resources are materials found in the environment that humans use for food, fuel, clothing, and shelter. These include water, soil, minerals, vegetation, animals, air, and sunlight. People require resources to survive and thrive. How are Resources Distributed and Why? Resource distribution refers to the geographic occurrence or spatial arrangement of resources on earth. In other words, where resources are located. Any particular place may be rich in the resources people desire and poor in others. Low latitudes (latitudes close to the equator) receive more of the suns energy and much precipitation, while higher latitudes (latitudes closer to the poles) receive less of the suns energy and too little precipitation. The temperate deciduous forest biome provides a more moderate climate, along with fertile soil, timber, and abundant wildlife. The plains offer flat landscapes and fertile soil for growing crops, while steep mountains and dry deserts are more challenging. Metallic minerals are most abundant in areas with strong tectonic activity, while fossil fuels are found in rocks formed by deposition (sedimentary rocks). These are just a few of the differences in the environment that result from different natural conditions. As a result, resources are distributed unevenly across the globe. What Are The Consequences of Uneven Resource Distribution? Human settlement and population distribution. People tend to settle and cluster in places that have the resources they need to survive and thrive. The geographic factors that most influence where humans settle are water, soil, vegetation, climate, and landscape. Because South America, Africa, and Australia have fewer of these geographic advantages, they have smaller populations than North America, Europe, and Asia. Human migration. Large groups of people often migrate (move) to a place that has the resources they need or want and migrate away from a place that lacks the resources they need. The Trail of Tears, Westward Movement, and the Gold Rush are examples of historical migrations related to the desire for land and mineral resources. Economic activities in a region related to the resources in that region. Economic activities that are directly related to resources include farming, fishing, ranching, timber processing, oil and gas production, mining, and tourism. Trade. Countries may not have the resources that are important to them, but trade enables them to acquire those resources from places that do. Japan is a country with very limited natural resources, and yet is one of the richest countries in Asia. Sony, Nintendo, Canon, Toyota, Honda, Sharp, Sanyo, Nissan are successful Japanese corporations that make products that are highly-desired in other countries. As a result of trade, Japan has enough wealth to buy the resources it needs. Conquest, conflict, and war. Many historical and present-day conflicts involve nations trying to control resource-rich territories. For example, the desire for diamond and oil resources has been the root of many armed conflicts in Africa. Wealth and quality of life. The well-being and wealth of a place are determined by the quality and quantity of goods and services available to people in that place. This measure is known as the standard of living. Because natural resources are a key component of goods and services, the standard of living also gives us an idea of how many resources the people in a place have. It is important to understand that while resources are VERY important, it is not the presence of or lack of natural resources within a country that makes a country prosperous. In fact, some of the wealthier countries lack natural resources, while many poorer countries have abundant natural resources! So what do wealth and prosperity depend on? Wealth and prosperity depend on: (1) what resources a country has access to (what resources they can get or end up with) and (2) what the country does with them (the efforts and skills of workers and the technology available for making the most of those resources). How has Industrialization Led to a Redistribution of Resources and Wealth? As nations began to industrialize in the late 19th century, their demand for resources increased and imperialism was the way they got them. Imperialism involved a stronger nation taking complete control of a weaker nation. Imperialists exploited and profited from the abundant natural resources of the acquired territories. Imperialism led to a major redistribution of world resources from Latin America, Africa and Asia to Europe, Japan, and the United States. This is how industrialized nations came to control and profit from most of the worlds resources. Since citizens of the industrialized nations of Europe, Japan, and the United States have access to so many goods and services, that means they consume more of the worlds resources (about 70%) and enjoy a higher standard of living and most of the worlds wealth (about 80%). Citizens of non-industrialized countries in Africa, Latin America, and Asia control and consume far fewer of the resources they need for survival and well-being. As a result, their lives are characterized by poverty  and a low standard of living. This unequal distribution of resources, the legacy of imperialism, is the result of human rather than natural conditions.

African Of African Colonial Regimes - 874 Words

African Adaption to Colonial Regimes Much of the story of European colonialism in Africa puts and emphasis on the control that Europe exerted over the African people. While there was a great degree of resistance from Africans against European imperialism, this was not the only means of acclimating to Europe’s influence within Africa. Many African people adapted and accommodated with this ever increasing colonial influence. Rather than violently resisting, they worked with the colonial regimes. African people coexisting with European influence began even before the height of European control in Africa. When European people began seeking aid to hunt in Africa, a number of African hunters were hired in order to provide the much needed assistance . While a degree of this employment was not voluntary, many Africans still took advantage of the situation. Rather than be intimidated by the coercive nature of the work, African hunters utilized the desperate need that the British had fo r help from them in order to shape the European opinion and consequences of hunting in Africa . One of the ways that Africans shaped their influence over European involvement in African hunting was the application of blood brotherhoods between Africans and British hunters. Blood brotherhoods act as a supernatural, unifying force between two men, as well as their families, that rely upon trust and mutual benefit . This reciprocal factor allowed for Europeans to receive gifts and connections, while alsoShow MoreRelatedThe Republic of Zimbabwe1750 Words   |  7 PagesBritish colonial rule, obtained independence in February of 1980 through free parliamentary elections, formally recognizing the country of Zimbabwe as an independent sovereign state. The orchestrators of the revolutionary rebellion of Black Zimbabweans against minority rule were the two major African nationalist groups: Zimbabwean African National Union (ZANU), lead by Robert Mugabe, and Joshua Nkomo’s Zimbabwe Af rican People’s Union (ZAPU), both political organizations with the goal of African independenceRead MoreEffect of Colonization in Kenya1159 Words   |  5 Pagesof colonialism in Kenya This essay analyses the effect of colonialism in Kenya. It explains the depth of colonialism within Kenya’s context and analyses the impact of colonial conquest, the imposition of international and local administrative boundaries. It also examined further the lasting consequences of colonial economic and social policies concerning colonialism in Kenya. This essay gives more explanation that has to do with British colonialism in Kenya. Colonialism developedRead More Colonialism and Africa Essays1687 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Modern African states have several problems ranging from corruption, to armed conflict, to stunted structural development. The effects of colonialism have been offered as a starting point for much of the analysis on African states, but the question of why African states are particularly dysfunctional needs to be examined, given the extent to which they have lagged behind other former European colonies in many aspects. In the first section, I will consider the problems with African states fromRead MoreConsequences Of Colonization Of Africa1599 Words   |  7 Pagesor malicious, many were leaving an image of the era as psychologically damaging to Africans as well as to the land in general. Whether the effects of colonization left the continent in better or worse shape than it would have been without European imperialism, the colonization of Africa is a part of history that will remain infamous so long as it is remembered It is common for people to assume that all of African colonialism was the same. While most of the process of colonizing the continent didRead MoreGenocides And Genocides Of Genocides987 Words   |  4 PagesAfrican Holocaust Genocide is a million African people being butchered by hand by their neighbors, with household tools and homemade weapons—machetes, hoes, and hammers. Genocides are commonly overlooked throughout many countries. Africa has had many genocides and wars occurring over the past century. The most known genocides are ones that occurred in Rwanda and Darfur. Researchers have found that most genocides show the same patterns and key elements. As different genocides of Africa have occurredRead MorePost Colonial Afric State Building And Economic Modernization1596 Words   |  7 PagesPost Colonial Africa: State-Building and Economic Modernization The professor Ali Mazrui, imaginatively titled one of his journal articles â€Å" Africa Between the Baobab Tree and the Owl of Minerva: A Post Colonial Narrative of Memory and Learning†. The choice that Mazrui made in this title is particularly interesting; by juxtaposing two symbols, that are respectively associated with African and European cultures, he acknowledges the profound impact that Europe has left after colonization. It is trueRead MoreAfrican Women During European Expansion1295 Words   |  6 Pagesways to get back at European expansion on the area from the 1890s to the 1960s. African comebacks to colonial rule varied from place to place and over time. Several methods of both violent and nonviolent resistance to colonialism emerged. Nonviolent forms of anti-colonialism included the use of the trade unions, press, religious organizations, associations, literary or art forms, and mass migrations. Various African states used one or several of these nonviolent forms of anti-colonialism at one timeRead MoreWhat Is The Importance Of Chinese Investment In Africa As A Global Trade?1346 Words   |  6 Pagesonly 65% of Africans have access to electricity, 54% to paved roads, 63% to piped water, 93% to cell phone service and only 30% to proper sewage. Considering that poor road, rail and port infrastructure add around 30-40% to goods traded among African countries, it should be no surprise that African economies have struggled to remain competitive in global markets (ICA). Thus, Chinese investment in infrastructure has been a cornerstone of the â€Å"win-win† approach that has benefitted both African and ChineseRead MoreExamining How the African Educational System Was Destroyed Under European Colonialism1311 Words   |  6 PagesBefore the coming of the Europeans to Africa, the African folks had a system created in which to educate their youths. The Africans had an oral tradition of education to pass down their cultural values. Through a series of rites of passage these children were taught the various tribal laws and customs and also an assorted range of skills needed to survive in pre-colonial society. These children were taught through oral literature, consisting of myths and fables, the traditions ofRead MoreLegacies of Kenya Essays1058 Words   |  5 Pages Many different tribal communities inhabited Kenya, during its pre-colonial period. Today there are about 42 different tribes in Kenya who are all different from each other (Safari in Africa†). The Agikuyu and the Miji Kenda were farmers, the Maasai and the Samburu lived off of livestock, and the majority like the Luo and the Abagusii practiced a mixture of crop cultivation and pastoral work. Subsistence production was the norm and manual labor came from the family. Classes were mostly non-existent

Teaching Children with Autism Essay - 1478 Words

Teaching Children with Autism There has been an increase in the number of children diagnosed with autism or other autism spectrum disorders. It is likely as an educator that you will have at least one child with this diagnosis in your classroom. This paper explores some of the methods used to teach autistic children. Autism is a disorder characterized by significant problems in communication and social functioning. Autism is actually called Autism Spectrum Disorder and encompasses a broad range disabilities such as Asperger syndrome, Rett’s Syndrome, and Pervavasive Development Disorder (Dunlap Fox, n.d.). There are also varying degrees of the disorder from low-functioning (no communication and no social interaction) to†¦show more content†¦Holding morning meetings helps autistic children by establishing a common routine that begins the student’s day in a predictable pattern (Sapona Winterman, 2002, p. 31). Autistic children often need predictable routines, and a highly organized and structured environment in order to function. Since autistic children need routine there are some tips teachers can implement to make it easier for their autistic students: - Highlight most important concepts - Establish alternate modes for completing assignments - Prepare the students - Maximize comprehension and content retention - Graphic and visual organizers - Mnemonic devices (Marks et. al., 2002) Students with autism can become overwhelmed very easily by even minor deviations from the routine. It is important to be sensitive to the way autistic children function so that their potential can be reached. To encourage the development of social skills students are encouraged to interact with one another throughout the day in a variety of methods, including partner work, small group activities, and large group activities. These teaching techniques enable autistic children to relate to their peers. As autistic children relate to their peers more they are more accepted and in turn continue to learn and acquire new and improved social skills. Another way to encourage theShow MoreRelatedTeaching Elementary Children With Autism1638 Words   |  7 PagesLyons, B. (2012). Teaching Elementary Children with Autism: Addressing Teacher Challenges and Preparation Needs. Rural Educator, 33(2), 27-35. II. Problem 1. How adequate is the current teacher preparation program for preparing general education teachers for teaching children with autism? 2. Scheuermann et al asked, â€Å"If a teacher meets state standards for certification, but has no coursework in or experience with autism, is that teacher highly qualified to teach students with autism?† 3. What challengesRead MoreStudies and Techniques for Teaching Children with Autism1296 Words   |  5 Pagesdiseases and disorders that plague today’s world, but one of the most serious of those disorders is autism. In fact, autism is the third most common developmental disability affecting four hundred thousand people worldwide (Autism Society of America). As of yet there is no treatment for autism, only a variety of dealing with this disorder. Autism is a process disorder of brain function. People with autism have trouble in communication, social interactions and play activities. This disorder makes it difficultRead MoreTeaching New Skills For Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder989 Words   |  4 Pagesbehavior, and teaching new skills for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. IBI uses Applied Behavioural Analysis (ABA) techniques to improve behaviour where there are impairments in socialization and communication. IBI can be used to teach academic and life skills, t o change behavior, and to improve social functioning and independence. â€Å"IBI’s ability to produce a desired result has been documented, and among professionals it is accepted as the most successful therapy for autism (Chaban, LearningRead MorePragmatics Of Individuals With Autism Essay1245 Words   |  5 PagesPragmatics in Individuals with Autism Introduction Children with autism struggle with pragmatics, or social interactions. Pragmatics extend past simply providing social closeness, it also enables social etiquette. Issues of pragmatics can be etiologically tied to issues with expressive or receptive language skills. Social interaction skills and communication skills that are functional to the individual necessitate an intervention approach that treats individuals holistically. The intervention techniquesRead MoreUse of Applied Behavior Analysis to Support Language Development in Children with Autism1508 Words   |  7 Pagesis well noted among researchers of autism as a method that can be effective for autistic children. (About.com) Autism is known as a complex developmental disability. Experts believe that Autism presents itself during the first three years of a person’s life. The condition is the result of a neurological disorder that has an effect on normal brain function, affective development of the person’s communication and social interaction skills. People with autism have issues with non-verbal communicationRead MoreTreatment Options Used for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder1440 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is known as a neurodevelopmental disorder that is capable of weakening communication, behavior and socialization. The term ASD includes three major subtypes which is Autism Spectrum Disorder, Pervasive Developmental Disorder and Asperger’s Disorder. About 9.0 in 1000 children have ASD and certain types of autism might not be identified until three years of life. The probability of boys being diagnosed is higher compared to girls (Bravaccio et al. 2013)Read More Autism Spectrum Disorders Essay1723 Words   |  7 Pagespaper discusses the potential of using technologies in the diagnosis, study and intervention treatments of autism. The first part of paper introduces background information on autism spectrum disorder. The second part deals with review of literature survey. The third part summarizes our proposed research work on the connected topic. The fourth part concludes our work as whole. Keywords— autism, discrete trail training, applied behaviour analysis, voice output communication aids I. INTRODUCTION Read MoreVideo Modeling As An Effective Intervention Strategy for Instructing Students with ASD1738 Words   |  7 PagesDepartment of Education, autism is defined as a disorder of neural development characterized by impaired social interactions and verbal and nonverbal communication. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may also display attention deficits, engage in repetitive behaviors, resist environmental changes, have unusual sensory experiences, and may exhibit inappropriate behaviors that have adverse impacts on educational performance (Delano, 2007). The incidence of children identified with ASD hasRead MoreThe Field Of Special Education882 Words   |  4 Pagespresent with Autism. No two kids are alike; this is especially true for children with Autism as Autism is not a single disorder, but a complex and diverse collection of behaviors. Children with Autism can have a wide range of abilities. No child is alike in their behaviors, their potential to learn, or even in the way they respond to a particular (and even well thought out) instructional approach. Applied Behavioral Analysis (ABA) is the most widely known tool for educating students with Autism, but hasRead MoreUse Of An Ipad On Challenging Behavior And Academic Engagement Essay856 Words   |  4 PagesiPad ® on challenging behavior and academic engagement for two students with autism. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7(4), 509-516. I found this article by performing a search on Google scholar, then found the full version of the article from the Science Direct Journal and downloaded it through the the library s journal databases. The search terms that I used were â€Å"iPad† â€Å"classroom† â€Å"disability† and â€Å"teaching†. I chose this article because it was conducted within the last two years and

Cyber Warfare free essay sample

Cyber-war, the use of computers and the internet in conducting warfare in cyberspace, has been introduced as both an effective offense and defense towards modern warfare. Presently many countries have developed a policy towards cyber- warfare. The US, although a strong influence to the world, has yet to step up and create an effective policy towards warfare. One that should state what the military would do to respond to a cyber-attack, what defines a cyber-attack and what the government will do to take effective measures against a catastrophic attack. Along with that, what advantages does this new type of warfare have against modern arfare and is it worth the massive amounts of training and investments. Also, in what circumstances should a cyber-attack be used? The US should come forth with an efficient policy discussing the matter directly and including its future uses of cyber-intelligence. Presently, cyber-attacks are uncommon; however they still pose a risk in the future of war and security of a nation. We will write a custom essay sample on Cyber Warfare or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Every country should take measures in ensuring they will be ready for an attack. Because of this extraordinary hazard, the US should make considerable ventures in organizing methods to secure itself and its ation against it. Three cyber security experts say, US policies toward defending against cyber-warfare need to take a different approach than the government has against other forms of attack. It would be difficult for the US to have a fight in cyber- warfare as it is difficult to identify attackers, especially when some nations appear to be sponsoring private attackers. If the US were to follow other nations with using private assailants, other nations could possibly see this as unethical and even malicious. As a nation, the US is presented as the country some look up to. Its image as to stay clean, or it could cause uproar with other nations. One problem that not only the US but other countries face is that there is no strict definition of a cyber- attack. Martin Libicki, a senior management scientist specializing in cyber-security said, One problem with a cyber-warfare policy is the lack of definition of what constitutes an act of cyber war, theres no line separating what constitutes a simple cyber-attack from cyber-war. He also added, with no definitions in place, its hard to have a public debate about what the US governments cyber warfare policy should e. The US, among other nations in the I-IN, should come together and discuss the issues faced with defining a cyber-attack and what would be an acceptable response towards an attack. Article 51 of the UN charter states that a country has the right to engage in self-defense when it suffers an armed attack, made effective in 1945, it di d not create clear classifications to cyber-attacks. Not doing anything about the dilemma has its consequences. In December 2008, there was a cyber-attack on a U. S. military classified computer network. The attack led the Pentagon to ban the use of xternal hardware devices because that was the source of the breach. Although it is not publicly known if this attack was state sponsored, media reports attributed the attack to either the government of China or Russia. Regardless of who perpetrated the attack, there was little that the U. S. could do to respond. Had the US had the knowledge to investigate the attack further, it could have traced the attack and find the perpetrator. to mobilize the international community, as it is possible that an extreme cyber- attack could be more devastating than a traditional one. An attack like that could shutdown the targets government and ruin its economy. As a result of the interdependence of the world economy, the cascading affect would be felt worldwide. Warfare must be viewed in a new way because the old definitions and framework are impermissibly limited. First, we must derive a definition to determine when a cyber-attack is an act of war. Second, we need a broad definition of whom (including individuals, nations and groups) can be held accountable for such acts. With masses at stake, it would be illogical to disregard this issue and not invest in a igher intelligence. Modern warfare, strongly associated with guns, bombs and tanks, causes many deaths and large amounts of money put forth to succeed. Cyber-warfare can easily become the next modern warfare, causing less deaths and violence. Even though the effects of an attack could be more catastrophic than what we are currently experiencing today, the reverse effects even it out. Using this cyber-intelligence could prevent many attacks from happening, both traditional and cyber. All we need is a stronger devotion towards the subject and more focus towards a greater peace amongst the world.